REVIEW Apremilast, a novel small molecular inhibitor of PDE4. Apremilast has profound anti-inflammatory properties in animal models of inflammatory disease, as well as human chronic inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Apremilast blocks the synthesis of several pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 23, CXCL9, and CXCL10 in multiple cell types. As this novel PDE4 inhibitor interferes with several key processes of inflammation, Apremilast may emerge as a promising new drug for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases such as those of the skin and the joints.
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