REVIEW Meclofenoxate (Lucidril), also known as centrophenoxine, is a drug used to treat the symptoms of senile dementia and Alzheimer''s disease. In elderly patients, it has been clinically shown to improve memory, have a mentally stimulating effect, and improve general cognition. Meclofenoxate appears to increase the consolidation of new information into long-term memory, but does not affect other aspects of remembering. It was also found that significantly more of the subjects receiving meclofenoxate reported an increased level of mental alertness. Meclofenoxate also increases cellular membrane phospholipids. The known nootropic effects of Meclofenoxate can be interpreted on the basis of the hydroxyl radical scavenger properties of dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) which is incorporated in the neuronal membranes of the brain in form of phosphatidyl-DMAE. The protective effects of Meclofenoxate on the membrane components can slow down the age-dependent deteriorations of the intracellular physicochemistry, in agreement with the predictions of the membrane hypothesis of aging which proposes a cellular mechanism based on the fact that the more compact cellular structures (e.g., membranes) are damaged faster than the more diluted ones (e.g., cytosol). In addition, the cell membrane is exposed also to the residual heat-induced damage deriving from a frequent discharge of its electric polarity.
REFERENCES
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Marcer D, Hopkins SM.The differential effects of meclofenoxate on memory loss in the elderly. Age Ageing. 1977 May;6(2):123-31.
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Nandy, Kalidas Experimental studies on centrophenoxine in the aging brain Developments in Neurology (1979), 3(Geriatr. Psychopharmacol.), 247-260.
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Zs-Nagy I.On the role of intracellular physicochemistry in quantitative gene expression during aging and the effect of centrophenoxine. A review. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 1989 Nov-Dec;9(3):215-29.
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Pék G, Fülöp T, Zs-Nagy I. Gerontopsychological studies using NAI ('Nürnberger Alters-Inventar') on patients with organic psychosyndrome (DSM III, Category 1) treated with centrophenoxine in a double blind, comparative, randomized clinical trial. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 1989 Jul;9(1):17-30.
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