REVIEW Repaglinide activity is dependent on the presence functioning β cells and glucose. In contrast to sulfonylurea insulin secretatogogues, repaglinide has no effect on insulin release in the absence of glucose. Rather, it potentiates the effect of extracellular glucose on ATP-sensitive potassium channel and has little effect on insulin levels between meals and overnight. As such, repaglinide is more effective at reducing postprandial blood glucose levels than fasting blood glucose levels and requires a longer duration of therapy (approximately one month) before decreases in fasting blood glucose are observed. The insulinotropic effects of repaglinide are highest at intermediate glucose levels (3 to 10 mmol/L) and it does not increase insulin release already stimulated by high glucose concentrations (greater than 15 mmol/L). Repaglinide appears to be selective for pancreatic β cells and does not appear to affect skeletal or cardiac muscle or thyroid tissue.
REFERENCES
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Kühner P, Prager R, Stephan D, Russ U, Winkler M, Ortiz D, Bryan J, Quast U (2012). Importance of the Kir6.2 N-terminus for the interaction of glibenclamide and repaglinide with the pancreatic K(ATP) channel. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 385(3):299-311. PMID 22083559.
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Sekhar MC, Reddy PJ (2012). Influence of atorvastatin on the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic activity of repaglinide in rats and rabbits. Mol Cell Biochem. 364(1-2):159-64. PMID 22227917.
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