REVIEW Methimazole binds to thyroid peroxidase and thereby inhibits the conversion of iodide to iodine. Thyroid peroxidase normally converts iodide to iodine (via hydrogen peroxide as a cofactor) and also catalyzes the incorporation of the resulting iodide molecule onto both the 3 and/or 5 positions of the phenol rings of tyrosines found in thyroglobulin. Thyroglobulin is degraded to produce thyroxine (T4) and tri-iodothyronine (T3), which are the main hormones produced by the thyroid gland. So methimazole effectively inhibits the production of new thyroid hormones.
REFERENCES
[1]
'Nakamura H, Noh JY, Itoh K, Fukata S, Miyauchi A, Hamada N (June 2007). Comparison of methimazole and propylthiouracil in patients with hyperthyroidism caused by Graves'' disease. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 92 (6): 2157-62. doi:10.1210/jc.2006-2135. PMID 17389704.'
[2]
Crescioli C, Cosmi L, Borgogni E, et al. (October 2007). Methimazole inhibits CXC chemokine ligand 10 secretion in human thyrocytes. J. Endocrinol. 195 (1): 145-55. doi:10.1677/JOE-07-0240. PMID 17911406.
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