REVIEW Dihydroartemisinin is a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin and isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Artemisia annua. It is a sesquiterpene containing an endoperoxide moeity, and is the active metabolite of artesunate, which is used as an antimalarial. Dihydroartemisinin is active against all human malarial parasites, including multi-drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains. Several mechanisms have been proposed for it antimalarial activity including the production of free radicals, other reactive metabolites, and altered membrane transport properties of membranes which may inhibit nutrient flow to the parasite.
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Morris CA, Duparc S, Borghini-Fuhrer I, Jung D, Shin CS, Fleckenstein L.: Review of the clinical pharmacokinetics of artesunate and its active metabolite dihydroartemisinin following intravenous, intramuscular, oral or rectal administration. Malar J. 2011, 10:263. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-10-263.
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