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BIOLOGICAL INFO
Solubility:
DMSO
Application(s):
Agonist at the alpha2 class of adrenergic receptor
REVIEW Xylazine is a drug that is used for sedation, anesthesia, muscle relaxation, and analgesia in animals such as horses, cattle and other non-human mammals. An analogue of clonidine, it is an agonist at the alpha-2 class of adrenergic receptor. Xylazine has recently emerged as a recreational drug, especially in Puerto Rico. Xylazine hydrochloride (Rompun) is a medication commonly used in laboratory animal anesthesia. First synthesized in Germany in 1962 for use as an antihypertensive agent, it was found to have potent sedative effects. Specific actions are related to CNS depression mediated by stimulation of alpha-2 receptors. As with other alpha-2 agonists, adverse effects include bradycardia, conduction disturbances, and myocardial depression. Yohimbine (Yobine), tolazoline (commercial name Tolazine), and atipamezole (commercial name Antisedan) can be used to reverse xylazine effects. In veterinary anesthesia, xylazine is often used in combination with ketamine. No formal information in humans is available. Xylazine is sold by Bayer under the brand name Rompun.
REFERENCES
[1]
Sagner, Gerhard; Hoffmeister, Friedrich; Kroneberg, Guenther; Pharmacological bases of a new drug for analgesia, sedation, and relaxation in veterinary medicine (Bay Va 1470) [2-(2,6-xylidine-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazine hydrochloride] Deutsche Tieraerztliche Wochenschrift (1968), 75(22), 565-72.
[2]
New animal drugs for implantation or injection. Xylazine hydrochloride Federal Register (1972), 37(132), 13469.
[3]
Satheshkumar, S. Ketamine - xylazine anaesthesia in rabbits. Indian Veterinary Journal (2005), 82(4), 388-389.
[4]
Reyes JC, Negrón JL, Colón HM, Padilla AM, Millán MY, Matos TD, Robles RR. The emerging of xylazine as a new drug of abuse and its health consequences among drug users in Puerto Rico. J Urban Health. 2012 Jun;89(3):519-26.
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