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BIOLOGICAL INFO
Solubility:
100mg/ml in H2O: clear light yellow solution
Application(s):
Competitive acetylcholine antagonist
Form:
Bromide
Research Area:
Neurological disease
REVIEW Pancuronium (trademarked as Pavulon) is a steroid based muscle relaxant. It is the second of three drugs administered during most lethal injections in some parts of the the United States. Pancuronium is a typical non-depolarizing curare-mimetic muscle relaxant, acting as a competitive acetylcholine antagonist on neuromuscular junctions, displacing acetylcholine from its post-synaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Pancuronium is a very potent muscle relaxant/curaremimetic. The ED95 (i.e. dose causing 95% depression of muscle twitch response) is 60 µg/kg body weight administered intravenously. Muscle relaxation suitable for intubation sets in about 90-120 seconds after administration of the drug. Full muscle paralysis for major surgery is achieved about 2-4 minutes after application. Clinical effects (muscle activity lower than 25% of physiological) last for about 100 minutes. The time needed for full (over 90% muscle activity) recovery after single administration is about 120-180 minutes in healthy adults, but can be protracted to more hours in poor health subjects and when concomitantly administered with other long-acting anesthetics (e.g., some opioids, barbiturates, inhalation anesthetics). The effects of pancuronium can be at least partially reversed by anticholinesterasics, such as neostigmine, pyridostigmine, and edrophonium.
REFERENCES
[1]
ourc'h, G.; Lecharny, B.; Madre, F. Pancuronium bromide, a new curarizing drug Anesthesie, Analgesie, Reanimation (1971), 28(1), 1-20.
[2]
Black, G. W.; Clarke, R. S. J. Recently introduced anesthetic drugs International Anesthesiolog Clinics (1971), 9(3), 171-96.
[3]
Speight TM, Avery GS. Pancuronium bromide: a review of its pharmacological properties and clinical application. Drugs. 1972;4(3):163-226.
[4]
Roizen MF, Feeley TW. Pancuronium bromide. Ann Intern Med. 1978;88(1):64-8.
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