REVIEW Ceftiofur sodium is an antibiotic of the cephalosporin type (third generation), licensed for use in veterinary medicine. It was first described in 1987, marketed by Pfizer as Excenel and is the active ingredient in that company's Specramast LC (lactating cow formula) product. It is resistant to the antibiotic resistance enzyme beta-lactamase, and has activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. E. coli strains resistant to ceftiofur have been reported. The bactericidal activity of ceftiofur results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis via affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). The PBPs are transpeptidases which are vital in peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Therefore, their inhibition prevents this vital cell wall component from being properly synthesized.
REFERENCES
[1]
Amin, Mahendra Ishverbhai; Campbell, Jay Allan Crystalline cephalosporin antibiotics Eur. Pat. Appl. (1986), EP 180372 A2 19860507.
[2]
Sacks, Clifford E.; Dill, Loren H. Conversion of cephalosporin hydrohalide salt to alkali metal salt as active antibiotic to treat bacterial infections in mammalian animals PCT Int. Appl. (1987), WO 8701117 A2 19870226.
[3]
Cazers, Alexander R.; Koshy, K. Thomas; Jaglan, Prem S.; Yancey, Robert J., Jr.; Gilbertson, Terry; Arnold, Thomas S.; Johnson, David B.; Gatchell, Catherine L. Cephalosporin antibiotics PCT Int. Appl. (1989), WO 8904313 A1 19890518.
[4]
Berger, Andres; Decristorforo, Martin; Ludescher, Johannes; Schleich, Herbert Proess for the production of Ceftiofur sodium salt, a cephalosporin antibiotic, free of organic solvent PCT Int. Appl. (2002), WO 2002042266 A2 20020530.
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